¿La democracia deliberativa como camino hacia la sostenibilidad?

Autora: Kharla Gabriela Fabila

La teoría política verde enfatiza que la conexión entre ambientalismo y democracia es beneficiosa para ambos. Sobre todo, la democracia deliberativa es una alternativa viable para llegar a la sostenibilidad ¿cómo? A través de la participación pública verdaderamente razonada y discursiva en la toma de decisiones y, el entendimiento sistémico de los problemas ambientales, que evidencia la interdependencia recíproca entre lo social, lo económico y lo ambiental. Por otra parte, en razón de las reglas del proceso deliberativo, la democracia deliberativa otorga varios aspectos clave en el fortalecimiento de una cultura de la sostenibilidad, como son:

  • 1) el dejarse persuadir por el mejor argumento;
  • 2) el proceso de aprendizaje social que se nutre de distintas formas de conocimiento y argumentos;
  • 3) la búsqueda de soluciones a los problemas a través del debate;
  • 4) incremento de la efectividad, legitimidad y sostenibilidad de las decisiones adoptadas, y;
  • 5) la inclusión de todas las voces tradicionalmente marginadas del proceso democrático

 

En suma, la democracia deliberativa puede crear una ciudadanía con mentalidad y actitud sostenible, siempre que en los procesos de deliberación se incluya el enfoque ecosistémico y transversal. Además, permite, dado el carácter ambiguo del concepto de sostenibilidad, que la ciudadanía participe en la definición del término y en el cómo de su aplicabilidad. Si bien, no existen garantías ni evidencias suficientes para afirmar que la democracia deliberativa, por sí sola, producirá decisiones y políticas más sostenibles, el enfoque de la sostenibilidad puede coadyuvar a que ello ocurra así, ya que, como se dijo anteriormente, implica la interdependencia recíproca entre lo social, lo económico y lo ambiental; es decir, un enfoque integral de los problemas.

 

 

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